Medical Education Management

Exploration and practice of strengthening top-level design to cultivate different types of medical personnel

Wu Yan, Zhu Miao, Guo Rui, Ma Ling, Wu Ping, Zhu Qingshuang, Wu Hao, Lu Xiaoqin, Chen Rui, Liu Jun’e, Wang Jiabo, Yang Hong, Zhao Guoguang, Lu Jie, Wu Yingfeng, Lei Liping, Wang Yutong, Liao Xinsheng , Wang Songling

2023, 9(1): 1-7. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.001

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Capital Medical University, as the only key municipal medical university under Beijing government and the only medical university in China that has been approved for the full level “Outstanding Doctor Education and Training Plan” project, based on the classified school development goal of “high-level research-oriented university”, takes the initiative to address the key issues of medical personnel training in China, strengthens the top level design, and actively explores and practices the reform of different types of medical personnel training. This article analyzes the problems related to the medical personnel training model that needs to be improved, and puts forward the plan of Capital Medical University: ① to promote and improve the medical personnel training model with “5+3”year program as the main body; ② to explore a new model for high-level medical personnel training (top innovative personnel training mode-Jieping Class of Capital Medical University); ③ to promote the reform of the five-year medical personnel training model “organ system as basis and disease as focus”; ④ to promote the reform of standardized residency training by cultivating competent general practitioners and establishing a hierarchical and progressive rotation schedule for residents.

Training mode reform for high-level medical talents—Jieping Class in Capital Medical University

Ma Ling, Wu Yan, Wu Ping, Zhu Miao, Guo Rui, Wang Yutong, Wang Yajun, Zhu Qingshuang, Liao Xinsheng, Wang Songling

2023, 9(1): 8-13. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.002

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To improve the training of high-quality innovative medical talents, Capital Medical University (CCMU) proposed and started Jieping Class Program as an effort to achieve such goal. This was based on the demand for upscale compound medical talents according to Healthy China Strategy and the aim of building a “high-level research-oriented” medical university. The Program is compatible with the school's philosophy, strengths and resources. The centerpiece of the program consists of “5+postgraduate training stage”, i.e. a 5-year undergraduate medical education is seamlessly fused with postgraduate PhD training. Various measures have been actively explored to warrant success, from cultivating innovation ability, understanding the logic of the knowledge system, expanding international vision to improving student recruitment and establishing support mechanisms.

Exploration on the clinical education and teaching reform mode of “based on organ system and centered on disease”—Capital Medical University Clinical Medicine (five-year) Pilot Project

Wu Yingfeng, Zhao Jinghong, Wu Yan, Han Fang, Li Xiaomei, Wu Ping, Zhu Miao, Fu Bin, Guo Rui, Zhao Lili, Lu Xiaoqin, Wang Songling

2023, 9(1): 14-20,27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.003

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Medical educators at home and abroad have done a lot of exploration and practice in reforming medical teaching based on organ system, and achieved certain results. However, in the process of promoting clinical teaching, this reform has encountered an insurmountable constraint factor, that is the asymmetry between the setting of clinical departments and the clinical teaching curriculum based on organ system. This article starts from the bottleneck problem of organ system teaching reform, and tries to explore a complete reform route based on organ system from clinical departments to clinical courses. Relying on Luhe Clinical Medical College, Capital Medical University, the pilot project will break the original clinical department system and clinical curriculum system, and establish 24 clinical centers, 4 clinical medical technology centers, and 4 clinical education centers, forming a new department organizational system, further promoting the education and teaching reform centered on organ system on this basis, and providing beneficial exploration for improving the ability of clinical medical talents.

Competency-oriented mode reform of standardized training for residents

Chen Lifen, Wang Yajun, Lu Jie, Wu Yan, Wu Hao, Lu Xiaoqin, Jin Guanghui , Wang Yutong, Liao Xinsheng, Wang Songling

2023, 9(1): 21-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.004

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High-quality medical personnel comes from high-quality medical education. Medical education is the link connecting the two strategies of “Healthy China” and “Strengthening Education”. The core goal and action theme of medical education in the new era is to train competence-based qualified clinicians through connotative reform and development and high-quality continuous supply. The standardized training of residents is an important part of post-graduation education in the trilogy of medical education. The purpose of this study is to establish and improve the competency-oriented hierarchical and progressive training mode on the basis of the existing resident training, to explore the specific implementation path, summarize experience and improve in practice, with a view to further improving the residents’ training quality.

Biochemistry teaching reform for application-oriented talents cultivation

Liu Hongqun, Xu Lingzhi, Teng Yaran, Ji Shuang, Yan Zhifeng, Wang Lifei

2023, 9(1): 28-32. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.005

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Biochemistry is a bridge course combining traditional Chinese medicine with modern medicine, and plays a key role in the cultivation of applied traditional Chinese medicine talents. However, under the traditional teaching mode, it is difficult for students to realize the value of the course and often do not pay due attention to this course. This paper proposes reasonably arranging the teaching content, fully introducing medical cases, highlighting the characteristics of medical specialty, exploring the application cases of biochemical knowledge in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research, fully highlighting the principle of “learning for application”, effectively stimulating students’ learning interest, improving discipline value and achieving better teaching effect. It provides a useful reference for the cultivation of applied medical talents in pursuit of excellence.

Cultivating scientific research innovation ability of undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine

Xiu Shuangling, Fu Junling, Sun Lina, Mu Zhijing

2023, 9(1): 33-37. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.006

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Cultivating doctors with innovative ability is the new goal of current medical undergraduate education. The article analyzes the current situation of undergraduates' scientific research and innovation ability training. The author participated in the implementation of innovative scientific research projects for medical undergraduates for two consecutive years, carried out the “five-step” scientific research training for students, including research topic selection, literature search, study design, project implementation, and paper writing, etc. Through scientific research training, medical undergraduates have improved their independent thinking ability, active learning ability and comprehensive ability, while teachers have further improved their scientific research ability and achieved the effect of mutual promotion of teaching and learning. Based on the practice and experience in guiding medical undergraduates who participated in our innovative scientific research projects, we analyze their achievements and shortcomings of the innovative scientific research ability training. This may provide some reference for cultivating the scientific research innovation ability of medical undergraduates.

Thoughts on construction of public management discipline in medical colleges and universities

Wang Hongyun, Li Dan, Fan Linjie, Li Ruifeng

2023, 9(1): 38-44. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.007

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After decades of development since 1997, the discipline layout of public management in China has been gradually improved, and its forms of undergraduate education, graduate education and MPA education are increasingly mature. The discipline of in medical colleges and universities originated in the 1980s. Since 1981, more and more colleges have developed on the basis of social medicine and health management, and public health and preventive medicine. By combing the development background and history of the public management discipline, combined with the fourth round of subject assessment results, this study summarizes the direction selection problems and development difficulties encountered in the public management development in medical colleges and universities, and puts forward the opportunities and solutions for the its development, considering characteristics of the industry development and talent cultivation needs. Medical colleges and universities should focus on its research paradigm, highlight the industry characteristics in discipline layout, tap the potential of interdisciplinary scientific research, strengthen the construction of medical and health management think tank, serve the strategic planning of healthy China, design interdisciplinary curriculum system in talent cultivation, and expand talent cultivating mode.

Course process assessment scheme based on Rain Classroom platform

Huang Xiaoqing, Guo Xueqian, Li Shanshan, Huang Juying, Xue Yanli, Zhang Haixia

2023, 9(1): 45-50. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.008

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In teaching science and engineering courses, the introduction of comprehensive and various forms of process assessment can reasonably evaluate the learning activities in dynamical teaching process, and promote students’ learning of inside and outside the classroom. It confirms that the application of process assessment has benefits for both teaching and learning. Taking the theoretical course of Medical Physics as an example, the process assessment scheme is constructed based on Rain Classroom platform, utilizing its various functions, such as class organization, learning task notification, online test, interaction and feedback between teacher and students, and performance evaluation, etc. The result of teaching practices shows that the implementation of this process assessment scheme arouses students' enthusiasm in learning. The optimization of teaching content and rich forms of learning and process assessments stimulate students' interest in learning. The efficient information data management and effective teacher-student interaction provided by Rain Classroom platform is conducive to improving teaching effects, and to achieving teaching objectives better.

Teaching mode of socioscientific issues in Situation and Policy course

Guo Chengbo, Xu Shan, Wang Li

2023, 9(1): 51-56. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.009

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Situation and Policy is an important part of the ideological and political course. In this course the teaching mode of socioscientific issues is carried out to improve the teaching level. To explore the feasibility of carrying out socioscientific issues in the course Situation and Policy, and take the teaching points of “building a community of human and natural life” as an example to introduce the teaching of socioscientific issues in the course Situation and Policy practice. The socioscientific issues developed by the counselors in the classroom teaching of the Situation and Policy course help to improve the teachers' initiative and creativity, and improve the theoretical and pertinence of the course, which is in line with the fundamental requirements of ideological and political teaching. The integration of socioscientific issues into the classroom teaching of Situation and Policy is a beneficial attempt to improve classroom teaching effects and to implements the fundamental task of morality and talent cultivation in colleges and universities.

Ideological and political education teaching methods in “personalized scientific research and engineering training”

Zhang Lu, Liang Ying, Wei Jing, Geng Xinling, Deng Junmin, Wu Weiwei, Zhang Xu

2023, 9(1): 57-62. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.010

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“Personalized scientific research and engineering training” is one of the enlightening courses to improve the scientific research accomplishment and engineering practice ability of biomedical engineering undergraduates, and is an important part of undergraduate talent training. It is of necessity and practical significance to combine ideological and political education with scientific research training to stimulate students‘ enthusiasm for scientific research while effectively improving their ideological and moral level and cultivating their scientific research spirit. Based on the curriculum education idea, this paper integrates ideological and political teaching into the teaching objectives of scientific research and innovation courses, enriches the teaching content, improves the teaching programs, establishes evaluation standards, builds up the ranks of teachers and guides students to grow into high-level talents with national feelings and innovative spirit.

Misconceptions and implementations of ideological and political education in Histology and Embryology course

Sun Tingyi, Sun Haimei, Wu Bo, Ji Fengqing, Zhou Deshan, Yang Shu

2023, 9(1): 63-66. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.011

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Ideological and political education is the new trend and demand of higher education reform in China. Histology and Embryology, as an important basic medical course, exerts an important fundamental role and has a far-reaching influence on the development of the medical industry and talent cultivation in China. The top priority is to carry out ideological and political education and to establish comprehensive education system based on Histology and Embryology. In this paper, combined with the characteristics of Histology and Embryology course, we enumerated some misunderstandings of ideological and political education in the teaching process and analyzed the related reasons. The paper further emphasized implementation plans of ideological and political education adhering to the “the education demands professional knowledge in parallel with course ideological and political education” philosophy. Our paper aims to promote college teachers to generate new ideas and practical intelligence of ideological and political education in order to achieve imparting knowledge and educating people.

Ideological and political construction in Pharmaceutics course

Zhang Shuang, Cui Chunying

2023, 9(1): 67-71. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.012

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Pharmaceutics is an important discipline for culturing pharmacological professionals, also one of the disciplines most closely related to clinical application of drugs. The integration of ideological and political elements in pharmaceutics courses is not only the demand of curriculum ideological and political reform, but also necessary for pharmacy talent cultivation. We made a preliminary analysis of the ideological and political teaching reform in pharmaceutics course, from the main methods for construction of pharmaceutics course in ideological and political aspect as well as the main ideological and political elements of pharmaceutics. The reform of pharmaceutics course in ideological and political aspect should be carried out from multiple dimensions, such as the ideological quality of the teaching staff, the curriculum system, education and teaching methods, as well as the construction of ideological and political elements. And the construction of ideological and political elements system is the top priority of ideological and political construction in pharmacy curriculum. Based on the rich course content of pharmaceutics course, the ideological and political elements are utilized such as cases of safety production, stories in pharmaceutical preparation research, as well as the history of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, which are of great value for the training of students with sense of responsibility, dedication and patriotism.

Presentation-assimilation-discussion class mode in Laboratory Animal Science course for medical postgraduate students

Zhao Zhen ao, Guo Yaxiong, Gao Siqi, Zhang Limin, Zhang Yuping, Zhang Hong, Zhao Zigang

2023, 9(1): 72-76,99. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.013

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Institute of Microcirculation/Department of Pathophysiology in Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China)【Abstract】 Objective To practice and evaluate Presentation-assimilation-discussion (PAD) class mode in Laboratory Animal Science course of medical postgraduate students. Methods We explored PAD class in the course of Laboratory Animal Science. The presentation, assimilation and discussion were all completed in a 4-h lesson. In order to ensure the accuracy of the research and the fairness of teaching, we taught two chapters using the PAD class and traditional class modes respectively, and the two modes were crossed in two classes for comparison. Through chapter tests in the class, this study compares the learning outcomes in postgraduate students between the PAD class and traditional class modes respectively. Through questionnaires, the ability improvement of postgraduate students under the PAD class mode and their satisfaction with the PAD class mode were investigated. Results We found that students' learning outcome about basic knowledge are similar between the PAD class and traditional class modes. PAD class can improve students' self-learning ability, teamwork ability and interpersonal skills. Meanwhile, the breadth and depth of students' learning have been improved under the PAD class mode. Conclusion The PAD class mode improves the teaching efficacy of Laboratory Animal Science course, and promotes the comprehensive ability and quality of medical postgraduate students. Based on our study, the PAD class mode can be expanded in other medical postgraduate courses.

Postgraduates scientific research status in and the promoting path of the infectious diseases specific hospital

Qin Ling, Cui Dan

2023, 9(1): 77-81. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.014

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Objective To understand postgraduates’ scientific research level in infectious disease specific hospital, to analyze the problems in training process, and to explore promoting paths for their scientific research level. Methods We collected online questionnaires among 2020-2022 postgraduates in Beijing You’An Hospital, Capital Medical University. GraphPad prism software was used to compare the percentage of each index between groups by Fisher or chi-square test. Results ① The research pressure of professional degree type postgraduates is significantly higher than that of scientific degree type postgraduates, P<0.0001; ② The proportion of scientific postgraduates who pay attention to the latest research progress in their field and devote more research time is significantly higher than that of professional postgraduates respectively (P=0.0026，P<0.0001); ③ The proportion of scientific research degree postgraduates who have participated in laboratory technology training and mastered laboratory technology is significantly higher than that of professional degree postgraduates(P=0.0016, P<0.0001), but there is no difference in paper publication; ④The percent of professional degree postgraduates who pay more attention to communicating with their supervisors and maintaining teacher-student relationship is significantly higher than that of scientific research degree postgraduates (P=0.0101); ⑤ More than 70% of both scientific research and professional degree postgraduates believe that they lack innovation awareness and ability. Conclusion Professional degree postgraduates need to have a better platform to improve their scientific research habits to relieve the scientific research pressure; and they should be provided better academic communicate platform for postgraduates so as to broaden scientific research ideas and improve innovation ability.

Reporting quality evaluation of case-control studies in dissertations

Liu Shun, Lei Lei, Guo Erna, Chen Jiehua, Li Jinxiu, Luo Xingxi, Wu Kaili, Xiao Suyang, Zeng Xiaoyun

2023, 9(1): 82-87. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.015

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Objective To analyze the reporting quality and impact factors of postgraduate dissertations using case-control study design and provide a basis for optimizing the teaching of “Clinical Epidemiology” and further improving the quality of dissertations. Methods The theses of medical students with case-control study design included in CNKI and Wanfang Data Resource system from 2016 to 2020 were randomly selected, and the quality of their reports and influencing factors were evaluated based on the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). Results Total 260 dissertations were finally included, with an average (standard deviation) items total reporting rate of 65.6% (±10.1%). There were important items missing in Methods and Results sections. Items with a lower reporting rate involved relative risk transformation, description of reasons for withdrawal of research subjects, flowchart of subject inclusion, strategies for missing data processing and sensitivity analysis, and sample size estimation. It suggests that there may be more defects in the research design. It suggests that the study design may be flawed; The dissertations with a later year of publication and authors majoring in public health and preventive medicine had a significant increased average total reporting rate. Conclusion The findings suggested the quality of case-control study reports in postgraduate dissertations needs to be further improved, and the teaching of Clinical Epidemiology should be improved based on cases and STROBE guideline.

Evaluation of teaching effect of evidence-based medicine course for undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine

Liu Kuo, Ni Xuetong , Yan Yuxiang, Zhu Huiping, Zhang Ling, Yang Xinghua

2023, 9(1): 88-93. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.016

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Objective To understand teaching effect of evidence-based medicine courses for undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine. Methods Before and after the course, a pre-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine of Capital Medical University in terms of literature retrieval and utilization, mastery of commonly used terms of evidence-based medicine, and cognitive attitude to the discipline after the course. Finally, the collected questionnaires, interview information and test scores were analyzed. Results After the evidence-based medicine course, we found the average literature reading time and literature searching frequency increased significantly (P<0.05); the level of understanding of terms involved in the practice of evidence-based medicine was significantly improved (P<0.05); 93.02% of students are interested in the learning and skills of applying evidence-based medicine to medical and health practice. Conclusion The evidence-based medicine course has significantly changed students’ cognition and behavior. The teaching method combining classroom lecture and case teaching has a good effect. Evidence-based medicine course has a great impact on preventive medicine undergraduates and should continue to be promoted.

Mental health symptoms self-assessment of students majoring in stomatology in a university

Feng Zheng, Zhao Liying, Liu Lihong, Liang Shuran

2023, 9(1): 94-99. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.017

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Objective To analyze the main factors affecting the mental health of stomatological students in a university, and put forward corresponding solutions to promote their mental health growth. Methods A total of 154 undergraduates majoring in stomatology in a university were investigated and interviewed by means of psychological self-assessment scale (SCL-90, SAS, SDS), questionnaire and in-depth interview. Results ①In SCL-90, 21 students with psychological abnormalities account for 13.64% of the total; SAS, 7 abnormal students, accounting for 4.6% of the total; SDS, 23 abnormal students, accounting for 14.94% of the total. ②Oral students believe that academic, interpersonal problems, family factors, emotional love, Internet addiction and other problems are the main factors perplexing their mental health. Conclusion The mental health level of some students majoring in stomatology is not optimistic. We should strengthen mental health counseling and care for stomatological students, according to the relevant influencing factors at different stages.

Impact of technical cooperation in public hospitals on stakeholders

Sun Qianying, Li Qiuping , Wang Meng , Sun Jing , Zhang Lin

2023, 9(1): 100-104,110. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.018

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Objective To understand the requirements, difficulties, suggestions and evaluations of both parties on technical cooperation, so as to provide a basis for better technical cooperation. Methods The staff in 1 technology output hospital and 6 technology input hospitals were surveyed and the self-designed questionnaire was used. Results A total of 136 questionnaires were distributed and 100% completed. For technology input hospitals, respondents believed that the capacity of medical service (96.55%), the social impact (95.69%) and the economic benefit (87.93%)were increased through technical cooperation，and the level of medical technology (99.14%) and academic (88.79%) of the staff were also increased. For technology output hospitals, respondents think that the number of cooperation hospitals should be within 10 (80%) and the number of output doctors should be within 10 (95%). Conclusion It is suggested that hospitals strengthen top-level design, reasonably plan cooperation objects and contents, perfect rules and regulations, improve operation structure, speed up information construction, improve work efficiency, innovate cooperation mode, and explore richer remote cooperation contents.

Cultivation of compound young talents with equal emphasis on scientific research and management—a case of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University

Su Xin, Chen Hao, Xu Yanling, Dong Y

2023, 9(1): 105-110. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.019

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Objective To summarize the effect of compound young talents training with equal emphasis on scientific research and management, and to provide reference for strengthening and improving the training mechanism of young key talents in hospitals. Methods Take the Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University “Nursery Project” as an example, this paper analyzes the situation of the selected talents from aspects of scientific research topic, thesis, promotion of professional title, prize-winning of scientific and technological achievements, academic post and so on. Results From 2010 to 2019, 14 national-level projects, 20 provincial and ministerial-level projects, 22 bureau-level projects and 3 horizontal projects were approved, with a total of 88.054 million funding fee；published 93 core journal papers, 128 SCI papers, the cumulative impact factor 510.085 points; 89.47% had the title promotion, 15.79% had the post promotion, 18.42% won the award of scientific and technological achievements, 50% got the academic posts; 6 talents successfully became middle-level cadres of departments. The development of talents in key disciplines, such as neurology and neurosurgery, is significantly better than that of other specialties. Conclusion The “Nursery Project” has a good effect on the cultivation of compound talents, and it is worth popularizing.

Cultivation of quality of laboratory animal practitioners in hospitals

Xu Hufeng, Sun Chenyang

2023, 9(1): 111-115,126. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.020

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Hospitals should establish a good platform for animal experiments and a complete set of animal experiment management system. For its smooth operation, the key factor lies in people. This paper discusses how to improve the management of laboratory animal practitioners in hospitals and provides reference for improving the management level of laboratory animal practitioners in hospitals.

Research and development efficiency of pharmaceutical high-tech industry in different regions of China in recent years

Liu Yang, Guo Xiangyu

2023, 9(1): 116-121. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.01.021

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Objective To compare research and development (R&D) efficiency of pharmaceutical high-tech industry in different regions of China in recent years. Methods The input and output data of pharmaceutical high-tech industry R&D from 2015 to 2019 were sorted out, and the data envelopment model was used to measure and analyze the R&D efficiency. Results Regional imbalance characteristic is found in R&D efficiency. Twenty-four regions have different degrees of scale excess. Room for improvement exists in R&D efficiency in 25 regions. Conclusion Universities and research institutions should strengthen the measurement and methodology research of R&D efficiency. Based on the analysis of the measurement results, local government will formulate precise and targeted encouragement policies to improve efficiency by reducing the input, optimizing the proportion of R&D input or strengthening the output target.

Ethical issues in application of artificial intelligence in medical education

Diao Keke, Shan Yan, Huang Yijia, Zhang Yanjun, Li Xue, Wang Hong

2023, 9(1): 122-126.

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The application of artificial intelligence in the field of medical education is more and more extensive, and has great development prospects. While artificial intelligence brings development and progress to medical education, it also brings a series of ethical problems. This paper reviews the application status of artificial intelligence in medical education and the ethical problems existing in the application process, and puts forward relevant countermeasures, in order to better promote the development of intelligent medical education and provide more high-quality medical talents.

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