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    20 June 2026, Volume 12 Issue 3
    Reform of AI-driven innovation in pharmaceutical professional skills experiment course
    Wang Yixuan, Wang Yuji, Zhang Xiaoyi
    2026, 12(3):  281-287.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.001
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     With the promotion of national policies for medical innovation and digital and intelligent transformation, pharmaceutical education is confronted with challenges such as limited interdisciplinary experimental resources and lagging integration of new technologies. This article explores the innovative reform path of the pharmaceutical professional skills experiment course major driven by artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and proposes four major trends in transformation and upgrading: ① Intelligence of virtual simulation experiments, enhancing the authenticity of experiments through AI and addressing ethical and cost-related issues; ② In-class and after-class integrated learning breaks the limitations of time and space to achieve autonomous training; ③ Precise teaching feedback delivers personalized guidance based on data analysis. Normalized development of AI technology facilitates AI model optimization fed by teaching data; ④ Taking anti-tumor drug design as an example, it illustrates the specific applications of AI in pharmaceutical chemistry, analytical pharmacy, pharmacology and pharmaceutics experiments, such as target prediction, image recognition, molecular docking and release curve modeling. It is ultimately emphasized that AI should be combined with teachers' leading role. Systematic planning can promote the restructuring of pharmaceutical education ecosystem and cultivate interdisciplinary talents equipped with professional competence and AI literacy.

    Application of AI virtual patient simulation teaching in the cultivation of humanistic care competency in pathophysiology

    Zhang Qian, Liu Lingling, Wang Dan, Zhang Fan, Ding Jing, Zhu Yadi, Shi Mingjun, Wang Yuanyuan
    2026, 12(3):  288-294.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.002
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    Objective  To investigate the effect of artificial intelligence-empowered pathophysiology teaching and simulated doctor-patient communication on cultivating medical students' humanistic care competency and clinical thinking skills, so as to provide new ideas for early integrating humanistic care training into basic medical courses. Methods  A total of 150 students from Grade 2023 five-year stomatology at Guizhou Medical University were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into control group (n=74) and experimentel group (n=76). The control group adopted traditional teaching, while the experimental group integrated artificial intelligence-based simulated doctor-patient communication into teaching. Both groups were taught by the same teacher, and the teaching syllabus and content were consistent. The teaching effect was assessed through final exams, case analysis scores, and questionnaires. Results  Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed a significant increase in final exam scores, with a statistically significant difference (Z=-2.160, P<0.05). The number of failed students decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.019, P<0.05). The students in the experimental group performed excellently in simulated doctor-patient communication, and their scores in completeness, communication skills, emotional care, education and prevention, as well as the total score, were all higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). In the questionnaire survey on satisfaction, more than 60% of the students in the experimental group expressed "very satisfied" or "satisfied" with the teaching effect. Conclusion  The artificial intelligence-empowered pathophysiology teaching model with simulated doctor-patient communication can effectively enhance students' humanistic care awareness and clinical thinking skills, and holds positive significance for medical education reform.

    Application of the "annual progressive and two-way interface" rotation model in internal medicine residency standardized training

    Yao Yao, Zhao Jianyuan, Jian Weixia, Zhang Ruinan, Yu Ying
    2026, 12(3):  295-301.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.003
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     Since 2022, the internal medicine training base of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine has kept carrying out continuous optimization and established a rotation model characterized by "annual progressive and two-way interface". This model adopts each academic year as its cycle unit, sequentially constructing a training system centered on three core objectives: "basic competency cultivation", "horizontal specialty competency expansion", and "clinical comprehensive competency enhancement". Meanwhile, tailored to the actual needs of residents, the training base has established two bridging mechanisms - "pre-residency to residency bridging" and "residency to specialty training bridging" - at the initial and final stages of the three-year training cycle, respectively. The clinical skills and comprehensive qualities of residents have significantly improved, and the quality of resident training has gained recognition. This model dynamically matches training needs with clinical resources, forming an organic connection of the "5+3+X" full cycle education chain, providing an innovative paradigm for the hierarchical and progressive training reform of internal medicine residency training.

    Application of progressive ureteroscopy training in the skill teaching for residents
    He Zonghai, Gao Hongbin, Chen Yuelong, Guan Runyun, Luo Yuhui, Zhang Jianhua
    2026, 12(3):  302-307.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.004
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    Objective To explore the effect of progressive training mode in the teaching of ureteroscopic surgery among residents.Methods The residents and postgraduates receiving urology training at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2022 to December 2024 were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=32) and the control group (n=31). All the trainees took relevant the theoretical examination before the training. Participants in the control group received conventional clinical training by following senior physicians, while those in the experimental group adopted a progressive training method including systematic theoretical learning, in vitro model training and clinical operation training. The endpoint of the study was defined as the ability to independently complete ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL). The primary outcome was score of objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS). The secondary indicators included the training duration before independent surgery, theoretical assessment scores and the satisfaction score. Results The experimental group obtained significantly higher OSATS scores than the control group [(29.84±2.14) points vs (18.23±1.71) points, P<0.05]. The theoretical test scores of the experimental group were markedly superior to those of the control group [(92.19±2.02) points vs (84.65±1.38) points, P<0.05]. The training time required for the first independent URSL operation was obviously shorter in the experimental group [(41.41±2.65) d vs (64.55±2.31) d, P<0.05], and the operative time of URSL was also significantly reduced [(19.34±1.27) min vs (26.26±1.40) min, P<0.05]. During surgery, the experimental group achieved higher scores in operative visual field clarity [(4.31±0.50) points vs (3.68±0.40) points, P<0.05] and team cooperation performance [(33.31±0.92) points vs (30.55±0.88) points, P<0.05]. In addition, the overall satisfaction degree of participants in the experimental group towards progressive ureteroscope training was higher than that of the control group towards conventional training [(51.91±1.30) points vs (47.90±1.26) points, P<0.05].Conclusion The progressive training of ureteroscopic surgery can improve the training efficiency and satisfaction of the trainees.

    Application effect of the "generalist-specialist integration" training model in the standardized training of general practice residents

    Ren Qianwei, Yang Fangxue, Wang Jia, Ding Shengyue, Cui Zijun, Gao Yangjie, Zhao Ying, Liu Xiaomei
    2026, 12(3):  308-314.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.005
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     Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the "generalist-specialist integration" teaching model in pediatric rotation training for general practice residents.Methods A total of 45 general practice residents who received pediatric rotation training in the general ward of Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2024 to February 2026 were included as subjects. They were divided into control group (n=22) and experimental group (n=23) according to training period. The control group received traditional pediatric residency training, while the experimental group received the generalist-specialist integration teaching model. Humanistic quality, post competency scores, and changes in pediatric outpatient consultation ability were compared.Results After training, the experimental group outperformed the control group in several dimensions of humanistic quality, clinical operational skills, communication with children and families, humanistic care, professional responsibility and affinity (P<0.05). Pediatric outpatient consultation ability in the experimental group was improved overall after training, and the differences in most indicators were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The generalist-specialist integration teaching model effectively improves pediatric post competency and overall professional quality of general practitioners, and may serve as a practical approach to alleviate the shortage of pediatric healthcare resources at the primary care level.

    Construction and evaluation of an AI-Assisted 3D reconstruction visualization teaching model in chest CT anatomy teaching
    Zhang Mingxia, Yue Yunlong
    2026, 12(3):  315-320.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.006
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    Objective To explore the application value of artificial intelligence (AI) imaging visualization teaching method based on 3D reconstruction in chest CT anatomy teaching, and solve the pain points of complex chest anatomical structure, high requirement for spatial imagination, and difficulty in image reading in traditional teaching.Methods A total of 100 resident physicians who participated in chest CT anatomy teaching in Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled as subjects and they were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=50) and the control group (n=50) using the random number table method. The control group adopted the traditional teaching method, lectures combining with anatomical atlases, organ models and two-dimensional CT images. The experimental group adopted the AI-assisted 3D reconstruction visualization teaching method, which converted chest CT images into three-dimensional models through automatic 3D reconstruction software and carried out interactive teaching combined with problem-based learning (PBL). After the teaching, the teaching effects were evaluated through theoretical examinations, practical skill assessments and satisfaction questionnaires.Results The theoretical examination scores of the experimental group [(87.23±4.35) points] were significantly higher than those of the control group [(81.05±5.21) points](P<0.001). In the practical skill assessment, the scores of CT image reading [(17.86±1.52) points], lesion localization [(18.12±1.37) points], clinical thinking [(17.69±1.45) points] and intraoperative score (18.35±1.28) in the experimental group were all superior to the corresponding indicators in the control group [(14.23±1.86) points, (13.95±1.74) points, (14.51±1.63) points, (14.87±1.59) points] (all P<0.001). The overall teaching satisfaction score of the experimental group [(79.02±5.58) points] was higher than that of the control group [(70.75±6.09) points] (P<0.001), and 92.00% of the students believed that this method could improve learning interest.Conclusion AI imaging visualization teaching method based on 3D reconstruction can intuitively present complex thoracic anatomical structures, significantly improve students' theoretical level, practical skills and learning enthusiasm, and provide an efficient new model for chest CT anatomy teaching.

    Mental health status and potential risks among resident physicians

    taking Shenzhen People's Hospital as an example

    Liu Xinyi, Feng Fei, Cai Tongzhou, Chang Jiangyi
    2026, 12(3):  321-328.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.007
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     Objective To investigate the mental health status of resident physicians undergoing standardized residency training, analyze the relationship between short-term psychological distress and relatively stable personality traits, identify individuals at high potential psychological risk.Methods A psychological assessment was conducted among 692 resident physicians using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). After excluding invalid responses based on response time and logical consistency, 572 valid questionnaires were included in the final analysis. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation analyses were performed to examine associations among all dimensions of the two scales. Meanwhile, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 160 resident physicians to explore their short-term psychological distress and personality traits, coping experiences, and perceived stressors, thereby providing contextual interpretation and supplementation of the quantitative findings.Results Both the SCL-90 and MMPI demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and structural adequacy in the study sample. Correlation analyses indicated generally weak associations between MMPI clinical scales and corresponding SCL-90 symptom dimensions. Specifically, the MMPI depression scale was weakly negatively correlated with the SCL-90 depression factor (r=-0.11, P<0.001), and the MMPI psychasthenia scale was weakly negatively correlated with the SCL-90 anxiety factor (r=-0.11, P<0.001). No significant correlations were observed for other corresponding dimensions. Qualitative findings suggested that short-term psychological distress experienced by resident physicians did not necessarily align with their underlying personality traits, indicating a potential discrepancy between transient stress responses and relatively stable psychological characteristics.Conclusion The findings indicate approximately 36.19% of resident physicians were identified as having subclinical psychological problems. The SCL-90 primarily captures short-term psychological symptoms and subjective stress experiences, whereas the MMPI reflects relatively stable personality traits and coping patterns. The combined use of these instruments enables a multidimensional assessment of residents' mental health status, providing an evidence base for stratified interventions, psychological risk identification and refined educational management.

    AI medical imaging: practice and reflection on the double helix teaching model

    Tu Jiaqi, Zhou Yingjie, Chen Xi, Li Yuxin
    2026, 12(3):  329-333.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.008
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     Given the pervasive integration of artificial intelligence into clinical applications, there is an urgent need for innovation in traditional teaching and training methods. Adhering to the double helix teaching model, This study integrates AI vertical domain applications with pedagogical innovation through practical AI medical imaging courses. This model emphasizes the interwoven synergy between the "knowledge chain" and the "capability chain". The knowledge chain employs a vertical integration of medical imaging knowledge with AI algorithms, while the capability chain facilitates a horizontal bridging of clinical problem identification with engineering practice translation. The objective of this initiative is to cultivate an application-oriented learning approach among students, thereby liberating them from the constraints imposed by traditional knowledge frameworks. This is intended to foster interdisciplinary capabilities that combine clinical depth with technological breadth. The double helix model is expected to offer a potential new pathway for the training of medical professionals in the intelligent era.

    Exploratory correlation study on mental health and academic performance among obstetrics and gynecology postgraduates: a cross-sectional study

    Shan Dan, Liu Jing, Gao Lei
    2026, 12(3):  334-342.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.009
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     Objective To examine the association between mental health and academic performance among obstetrics and gynecology postgraduates, and to identify major stressors and potential protective factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 71 postgraduate trainees. Anxiety, depression, sleep quality, social support, and major stressors were assessed, along with theoretical scores and clinical skill performance. Qualitative insights were obtained through content analysis of open-ended questions.Results Higher levels of anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with academic performance (P<0.05). Sleep fragmentation, frequent exposure to patient death, and ethical dilemmas significantly aggravated psychological distress (P<0.05). Qualitative analysis revealed a recurring cycle of "stress–exhaustion–recovery," with enhanced self-efficacy derived from successful clinical experiences.Conclusion This study indicates that obstetrics and gynecology postgraduates face multiple psychological stressors. A significant negative association was observed between self-reported anxiety/depression symptoms and subjectively assessed academic performance. Mentor support and clinical success experiences may serve as potential protective factors. These preliminary findings highlight the need for incorporating psychological support and competence-oriented interventions, yet require further validation through multi-center studies.

    Effectiveness of core competence teaching model in clinical teaching of blood purification training nurses
    Jia Yajuan, Yue Xiaohong
    2026, 12(3):  343-350.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.010
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    Objective To explore the effectiveness of core competence teaching model in blood purification training nurses.Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 160 training nurses from the Blood Purification Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2023 to October 2024 as research subjects. Seventy-six training nurses enrolled from March to December 2023 were selected as the control group, and the traditional clinical nurse teaching mode was adopted; 84 training nurses enrolled from January to October 2024 were selected as the experimental group, and the core competency teaching mode was adopted. The Core Competency Inventory for Nursing Students (CINS) and Clinical Satisfaction Scale were used for evaluation before and after the training. The theoretical and operative skill assessment scores were compared between the two groups.Results The theoretical assessment scores (80.93±6.07) and operational skills assessment scores [90.00(88.00,93.00)] of the experimental group are higher than those of the control group [(70.71±7.41), 88.50(86.00,91.00)], with statistically significant differences (t=9.572, Z=-2.611, P<0.01). After training, the experimental group obtained higher scores in clinical biomedical science, general clinical skills, critical thinking and reasoning, care competence, ethics and responsibility, and lifelong learning than the control group, with significant differences (t=6.576, 6.528, 6.415, 4.843, 3.930, 5.680, P<0.01). The experimental group also showed higher satisfaction with learning environment, learning management, teaching content, tutor quality and learning outcome, and the differences were statistically significant (t=6.449, 7.857, 8.146, 6.868, 6.741, P<0.01).Conclusion The core competency teaching model applied in clinical training of blood purification nurses can help improve the training effectiveness, teaching satisfaction and core competencies.

    Exploration of the teaching and OSCE assessment model for clinical pharmacy internship based on OBE concept

    Zhou Peng, He Jia, Li Kejia, Yan Ming, Shen Yanjia, Feng Limei, Wei Wei, He Jie
    2026, 12(3):  351-356.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.011
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     Objective Based on the concept of outcome-based education (OBE), and using the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) model, this study aims to provide a reference for the establishment of a clinical practice skills training and assessment system for undergraduate clinical pharmacy interns.Methods The research subjects were the 2019 and 2020 grade clinical pharmacy undergraduate students who were interning at the Clinical Pharmacy Teaching and Research Section of the Second Clinical Medical College of Kunming Medical University. The students were divided into an observation group and a control group. The control group was taught using traditional methods, while the observation group was taught using a job competency-oriented teaching model. Both groups took an OSCE baseline test before their internship and an OSCE final assessment after the internship, with the same assessment criteria.Results Before the training, the mean total score of students in the control group was 369.11±31.42, while that of students in the observation group was 346.73±46.64. There was no statistically significant difference in total scores between the control and observation groups (P>0.05). After the training, the mean total score of students in the control group was 392.27±19.41, whereas that of students in the observation group was 412.00±24.88. The difference in total scores between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). In addition, 90.91% of students considered the assessment items to be appropriately designed, and100% believed that the OSCE-based assessment better reflected their comprehensive competence. Furthermore, 91.67% of examiners and standardized patients (SPs) considered the OSCE model superior to traditional teaching assessment methods, with greater objectivity and the potential to improve students' comprehensive clinical reasoning ability. Moreover, 83.33% of examiners and SPs believed that the difficulty level of the assessment was appropriate and that the time allocation was reasonable.Conclusion Based on the concept of OBE, OSCE assessment model can better reflect students' real level, and can effectively improve students' clinical practice skills, which is helpful to establish and perfect the education system suitable for clinical pharmacy undergraduate.

    Construction and practice of stomatology undergraduate teaching mode guided by science popularization—a case study of oral and maxillofacial surgery
    Li Jinggui, Wan Teng, Cai Ming, Jiang Lingyong, Gui Haijun
    2026, 12(3):  357-362.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.012
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    This paper proposes an innovative "science popularization-guided" teaching model for stomatology undergraduate education, using oral and maxillofacial surgery as a case study. This model systematically integrates the principles of science communication into all learning phases, using "popularization points" as a driving force for pre-class preparation. In the pre-class phase, instructors design clinical problem-based "popularization points" to guide knowledge exploration. The in-class phase employs scenario simulations and role-playing to train students in converting specialized knowledge into public-friendly explanations, simultaneously fostering medical humanities and communication skills. During the post-class phase, students engage in various science outreach activities, such as content creation and community lectures, to apply knowledge and develop a sense of social responsibility. Compared to problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL), this model uniquely emphasizes the process of "translating knowledge into popular science" as a core method for knowledge internalization and competency development. Teaching practice and evaluation demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances students' clinical thinking, science communication skills, and humanistic literacy, achieving synergistic growth in professional competence, practical ability, and humanistic qualities. It offers a valuable and replicable pathway for cultivating well-rounded oral healthcare professionals.

    Current situation and cluster analysis of artificial intelligence application literacy among medical students

    Dai Fangfang, Deng Zhimin, Zhang Yan, Yin Tailang
    2026, 12(3):  363-370.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.013
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    Objective To analyze the group differences in medical students' application literacy of artificial intelligence (AI), put forward targeted medical AI education and training strategies based on the survey results, and demonstrate the feasibility and application value of massive open online course (MOOC) in the implementation of medical AI education.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 527 medical-related majors in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. Their AI application literacy was evaluated based on the three-dimensional "cognition-application-attitude" model, and group comparison analysis was carried out.Results Significant group differentiation was observed in medical students' AI application literacy: "Pioneers" (16.50%) had high cognition, high application level and positive attitude; "Contemplators" (41.70%) had relatively high cognitive level but weak application ability, with core obstacles being confusion about responsibility definition (89.50%) and skill deficiency (85.20%); "Bystanders" (41.80%) showed low cognition, low application and ambiguous attitude. Different groups had differentiated demands for medical AI education, and MOOC had significant advantages over traditional offline teaching in terms of group coverage and learning flexibility.Conclusion Obvious stratification exists in medical students' AI application literacy, so a hierarchical and categorized medical AI education system needs to be constructed. MOOC is an optimal carrier for the efficient implementation of this education system, which can provide a feasible path for improving medical students' AI comprehensive abilities.

    Correlated factors of training needs and participation willingness of general practitioner teachers
    Qu Yunhui, Zhao Song, Liu Ting, Jin Jianmei, Qian Fuyan, Gu Jiefang
    2026, 12(3):  371-378.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.014
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     Objective To analyze the characteristics of the differences in general practitioners' faculty training needs and explore the correlated factors of participants' participation willingness, providing evidence-based support for optimizing the general practice faculty training system.Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional study design and conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey among 145 participants attending the 2024 provincial-level teacher training program for standardized residency training of general practitioners in Yunnan Province. A self-designed structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics and training demand data. Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in training content, methods, and expected outcomes among different groups, and and the multivariate Logistic regression Inthis stndy 145 questionnaires were distributed and 141 questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery roote of 100%. model was applied to analyze the influencing factors of participants' willingness to participate in the training.Results Training content needs:①Overall demand: "Teaching methods and skills" ranked the highest in demand degree (96.45%); ②Intergroup differences: Clinical faculty exhibited a significantly higher demand for "Educational research and academic writing" compared to community-based faculty (χ²=4.196, P=0.041), whereas community-based faculty showed greater demand for "Community health service management" (χ²=13.790, P<0.001). Faculty with bachelor's degrees had higher demands for "Fundamental theories of general practice" (χ²=6.263, P=0.012) and "Clinical skills" (χ²=5.164, P=0.023) than those with postgraduate degrees. Teachers with senior professional titles demonstrated greater demand for "Educational research and academic writing" (χ²=4.612, P=0.032). Training method preferences:①Male faculty preferred "Traditional lectures" and "Expert seminars" (P<0.05); ②Those with bachelor's degrees showed higher demand for "Traditional lectures" and "Case discussions" (P<0.05).Expected outcomes of the training:①Clinical faculty prioritized "Solving practical problems" (P<0.05); ②Teachers with bachelor's degrees emphasized "Enhancing theoretical knowledge" (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that gender (OR=0.067, 95%CI: 0.007~0.628) and educational background (OR=15.786, 95%CI:1.407~177.139) were significantly correlated with trainees' willingness to participate (P<0.05).Conclusion Significant group heterogeneity exists in the training needs of general practice faculty. A stratified and categorized training strategy is recommended: ① Set differentiated clinical and primary care training modules according to teacher types; ② Adjust the depth of theoretical knowledge and the proportion of practical training based on educational background and professional titles; ③ Optimize the combination of teaching methods in light of gender differences. This study provides empirical evidence for establishing a targeted training system for general practitioner teachers.

    Influence of integrating excellent traditional Chinese culture into medical education on the professional identity of young medical students

    Ding Ruiheng, Xu Guangyuan, Wang Ze
    2026, 12(3):  379-385.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.015
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     Objective To examine the effects of integrating Chinese traditional culture into medical education on young medical students' learning motivation, professional identity, cultural literacy, and commitment to a medical career.Methods A total of 52 undergraduate medical students majoring in clinical medicine of the grade 2022 from Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University (including 8 students from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and overseas) were stratified by sex and place of origin and randomly assigned to a no-intervention group, a passive learning group (micro-cards), an active learning group (group presentation), and a mixed-intervention group (n=13 each) for an 8-week intervention. A questionnaire was used to assess domains A, B, and D, and a 25-item knowledge test was used to assess domain C (0~25 points); the total score was calculated as A+B+C+D. Paired t-tests were used for intra-group comparisons, and one-way ANOVA of change scores (Δ=T2-T1) and 2×2 factorial ANOVA were used to evaluate inter-group effects.Results No significant baseline differences were observed across the four groups in domains A-D before the intervention (P0.05). After the intervention, the mixed-intervention group showed the greatest improvement in total score (Δ=14.8±3.8 points), followed by the active learning group (Δ=10.1±3.2 points). The passive learning group mainly showed a significant improvement in domain C (Δ=4.00±2.00 points, P0.001).Conclusion Chinese traditional culture–based education may improve young medical students' cultural literacy and profession-related psychological indicators in the short term. Active participation and micro-card learning may exert different functions in comprehensive improvement, which is worthy of further verification with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods.

    Practical dilemmas and reflections in the cultivation of "five essential competencies" for undergraduate nursing—a qualitative study based on dual perspectives of teachers and students
    Xu Lijie, Yue Peng, Xu Yahong, Ou Zhou
    2026, 12(3):  386-391.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.016
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    Objective To explore the practical dilemmas in the cultivation of the "Five Essential Competencies" for undergraduate nursing students, so as to provide evidence-based and critical insights for nursing education reform.Methods A phenomenological qualitative research approach was adopted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 nursing undergraduates, 12 full-time university nursing faculty, and clinical instructors. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method, supported by NVivo 14.0 software for coding and thematic extraction. Results Four core dilemmas were identified: the dilemma of evaluating intangible competencies, the disconnection between theoretical learning and clinical practice, the conceptual overgeneralization of the art of nursing, and the constraint of educational concepts. Conclusion At present, the cultivation of the "Five Essential Competencies" is confronted with structural dilemmas in the aspects of evaluation, practice, definition and management, which cannot be fundamentally solved merely by partial methodological innovations. By vividly presenting these dilemmas, this study provides a critical perspective for the transformation of nursing education reform from an "idealized design" toward a "practical adjustment", and highlights the core value of reflecting on dilemmas.

    The association between work stress and missed emotional support nursing among ICU nurses

    Chen Xi, An Ying, Xu Fengxia, Hao Peiyu, Chen Ting, Han Binru
    2026, 12(3):  392-398.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.017
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    Objective To investigate the impact of work stressors on ICU nurses' emotional support in Beijing.Methods A nursing missed scale, and a nursing stressors scale were used to survey 350 ICU nurses from three tertiary general hospitals in Beijing. Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the association between work stress and missed emotional support nursing. Results The score of missed emotional support nursing was 1.97±0.10. Significant differences in missed emotional support nursing were found among ICU nurses with different educational levels and professional titles (F=3.937 and 9.891, both P<0.05). The total work stress score was 92.59±15.92. Work stress was weakly and positively correlated with missed emotional support nursing (r=0.208, P<0.05). Hierarchical multiple linear regression showed that excessive non-nursing work was an independent influencing factor for missed emotional support nursing among ICU nurses (t=2.331, P=0.020). Conclusion Work stress is associated with missed emotional support nursing among ICU nurses, and excessive non-nursing work may increase the risk of missed emotional support nursing. Nursing managers should optimize workflows, reduce non-nursing tasks, and improve support systems to promote the implementation of emotional support nursing in ICU settings.

    Talent demand and countermeasures for the pharmaceutical quality and safety program in higher vocational education in the context of the upgrading of Beijing's pharmaceutical and health industry
    Li Wei, Pan Xueqiang, Zhang Bo, Fu Li
    2026, 12(3):  399-406.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.018
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    Objective To investigates the current status of the higher vocational pharmaceutical quality and safety program industrial talent demand in the city, so as to provide a basis for the development of the higher vocational pharmaceutical quality and safety program. Methods  A comprehensive investigation was conducted on 77 pharmaceutical enterprises in Beijing by utilizing literature review, field interviews, questionnaire surveys, and data analysis. The study collected 185 valid questionnaires and performed in-depth interviews with 17 representative enterprises. This was supplemented by online data collection techniques to analyze changing trends in industry talent demands, forming the basis for program development and improvement. Results  There is strong growth in the demand for pharmaceutical quality and safety professionals in China. The leading position of Beijing's healthcare industry offers broad employment prospects for graduates of this major. Key employment positions are concentrated in core areas such as quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA). Enterprises place greater emphasis on students' practical laboratory skills and professional competence during recruitment, with higher requirements for core courses such as pharmaceutical analysis and instrumental analysis. Conclusion  It is recommended that higher vocational institutions focus on cultivating core competencies for QC positions as a priority in program development. This includes systematically enhancing practical teaching components, deepening the integration of industry and education through enterprise collaboration, and cultivating high-quality, versatile technical skilled talents capable of meeting the demands of the pharmaceutical industry's transformation and upgrading.

    Dilemmas and optimization paths of whole-process management in medical teaching reform projects

    Zhang Shuang, Jin Ling, Zhu Miao
    2026, 12(3):  407-412.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.019
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     Medical education reform is the key to improving the quality of medical services. Currently, there is a common dilemma of "high investment, low transformation" in medical education reform projects in China. This article analyzes the above difficulties and proposes four major challenges in the management of medical education reform projects, namely, the quality of declared projects varies greatly, there is a lack of procedural supervision mechanisms, the evaluation of project quality is singular, and the path for application and promotion of results is unclear. In response to the above difficulties, a systematic optimization plan is proposed in the article, which includes strict project application review, establishment of multi-dimensional quality standards, implementation of dynamic process management, strengthening mid-term assessment, innovation of medical evaluation system, focusing on student competency cultivation, clarification of transformation responsibilities, establishment of relevant supporting mechanisms, and the use of digital technology to empower medical education reform project management. These strategies will help improve the application quality and implementation effectiveness of medical education reform projects, and promote the innovative development of medical education through institutional innovation and technological empowerment.

    Connotation, status, and countermeasures of cultural construction in the management of public hospitals in the new era
    Liu Xinyan, Jiang Lin
    2026, 12(3):  413-417.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.020
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    Public hospitals are the backbone of China's medical and health system. Hospital cultural development serves as an important organizational support for the high-quality development of public hospitals, with its core lying in translating values and concepts into institutional norms, service behaviors and talent cultivation practices. Cultural development can not only enrich the cultural connotation of public hospitals, but also play a pivotal role in cultivating high-caliber medical personnel, improving medical service quality and doctor-patient relationships, thereby advancing the high-quality development of public hospitals. Upholding the core socialist values and integrating them deeply into hospital culture exerts a far-reaching influence on the positive development of hospital culture. This paper explores the connotation of cultural construction in public hospital management in the new era. Targeting existing problems, it puts forward a set of optimized suggestions and countermeasures based on practical exploration, aiming to provide references for relevant work.

    Exploration of homogenization of medicine, service, and management among multi-campus of public hospitals—taking Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University as an example
    Liu Mo, Lan Xi, Zhi Deyuan, Guo Xin, Luo Jinkai, Xie Xianghui, Zhang Shutian
    2026, 12(3):  418-424.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.021
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    Objective To conduct an in-depth analysis of the achievements and challenges in the homogenization construction of multi-campus public hospitals, and promote their high-quality and coordinated development.Methods The structure-process-outcome model was adpoted in this study to analyze the multi-campus development of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from various perspectives. The evaluation was performed in the aspects of homogeneous provision of medical services, optimization of human resources, information interconnectivity, enhancement of disciplinary influence, deepening of cultural development, etc. Simultaneously, the key directions requiring further exploration in current practice were identified.Results The hospital adopted an integrated horizontal and vertical matrix management structure across its multiple campuses, implemented a dynamic staff rotation system, promoted integrated bed management and equipment sharing mechanisms, established a unified medical quality and safety system across all campuses, created an efficient information exchange platform, and maintained a parallel advancement of disciplinary specialization and collaboration, consolidating synergistic efforts across the entire institution. From May 2024 to April 2025, there were no statistically significant differences in the mortality rate of inpatients (P=0.578), the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (P=0.671), the rate of Class I surgical incision infections (P=1.000), medical record compliance rate (P=1.000), and the incidence of medical disputes (P=0.195) across the three campuses. However, there were differences in indicators such as the rates of Class III and IV surgeries, average length of stay, and case mix index (CMI).Conclusion The hospital has laid solid foundations for efficient homogenization construction through its integrated management model and matrix structure. While initial success has been achieved in the homogenization of hospital operation, discrepancies remain in indicators such as the rates of Class III and IV surgeries and the CMI. These issues may be attributed to factors such as changes in the disease spectrum resulting from the differentiated development of disciplines across different campuses. A scientific and authoritative evaluation framework should be systematically established for multi-campus homogenization development, thereby providing a scientific basis for the transition from physical expansion to substantive homogenization across these campuses.

    Artificial intelligence in proactive health management services: current applications, challenges, and future perspectives

    Li Chao, Tian Yu
    2026, 12(3):  425-433.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2026.03.022
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    As accelerating global aging and the burden of chronic diseases, the transition from traditional "passive medicine" to "active prevention", termed proactive health management, has emerged as a pivotal strategy for improving population health. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has undergone rapid advancement in the medical field, offering critical technical support for early disease risk prediction, personalized assessment, and intervention. Despite existing evidence, the current progress and limitations of AI applications in proactive health service management in China remain unclear. Thus, this review systematically summarized evidence from the past decade across databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) on the practical implementation of AI in proactive health management. The findings indicate that AI technologies, including machine learning, deep learning, and large language models, have formed a relatively mature application framework for key domains such as health monitoring, risk assessment, personalized intervention, and integrated health management platform development. Nevertheless, challenges including data bias, privacy and security concerns, and a lack of algorithm validation continue to impede large-scale clinical translation and implementation. This review provides a crucial theoretical foundation for optimizing human–AI collaborative models and guiding the formulation of ethical and policy frameworks for the future of proactive health management in China.