Abstract: Objective　To evaluate the implementation and practice of milestone learning trajectories in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) training.Methods　ERCP training is mostly performed by instructors through a “hands-on” approach intraoperatively due to the lack of an ideal model, which results in a low success rate and the high operative risk of difficult operations. We have drawn on the experience of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) to develop milestones for the learning process according to the difficulty of ERCP operations, and instructors and trainees can progress from easy to difficult and from low-risk to high-risk to reach their goals.Results　Analyzing the trainees’ results of milestone learning curves in recent years, the method facilitates tailor-made teaching, allows real-time tracking of learning effects, and provides timely analysis and summary by instructors to develop reasonable learning plans, which not only ensures patients’ rights and interests, but also meets the requirements of trainees’ training.Conclusion　Milestone learning trajectories is a good method for both trainees and trainers, and has high application value and is worth promoting.

Key words: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, milestone learning trajectories, subject training, teaching methods