Abstract: Objective  To investigate whether the incorporation of team-based competition mechanism could increase anesthesiology residents’ participation. Methods  From September 2019 to April 2021, anesthesiology residents (n=60) from training programs were randomly allocated to a team-based competition environment (n=30) or the control individual group (n=30). After attending the weekly online course, we had the in-class test and stage assessment. After each in-class test, the test results and the team or individual participation ranking were published, and the reward mechanism were set up. The participation rate of in-class test and the performance of periodical assessment were compared between the two groups. Results   The participation rate of the team group was higher than that of the individual group (P<0.05). The performance of stage assessment was higher in the team group than that in the individual group (P<0.001). Conclusion  Team-based competition mechanism can increase anesthesiology residents’ participation and improve their performance.

Key words: team-based learning, competition mechanism, anesthesiology, participation rate