Abstract: Objective To explore the effect and strength of problem based learning (PBL) combined with case based learning(CBL) in clinical practice of spine surgery. Methods 40 interns of Beijing Friendship Hospital who are seven-year clinical medical students of Capital Medical University were selected as subjects who were randomly subdivided into two groups, one was traditional group and the other was PBL combined CBL group (each group 20 students). After the course was finished, each student of these two groups underwent a test on the professional knowledge and filled in a questionnaire on the assessment of students' capacities. Results The scores of professional test in PBL+CBL group were significantly higher than those in traditional group, especially more difference between them in cases analysis. Meanwhile, the data showed that students' ability of PBL+CBL group in clinical thinking, mastering key points and difficulties and communication skills were significant improved more than those in traditional group. Conclusion PBL combined with CBL is a useful teaching method in clinical practice of spine surgery and should be promoted.