Abstract: Objective  To investigate the current situation of residents' professionalism and to analyze the application effects of self-assessment and other assessment. Methods  From March to April 2021, in training at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and their clinical teachers were selected by convenient sampling method and surveyed by a combination of self-assessment and other assessment using a general information questionnaire and a resident professionalism questionnaire. Results  A total of 571 self-evaluated questionnaires and 623 teacher-evaluated questionnaires were distributed and 486 both valid questionnaires were received. The effective rate was 85.11%、78.01%. The self-assessment score and teacher's assessment score of residents' professionalism was 107.8±14.3, 107.6±6.4 (t=0.441, P=0.681), respectively. Different grades, identity types, education levels, professional bases and satisfaction with training bases all affected the professionalism of residents (P<0.05).Conclusion　Residents' professionalism is fair and still needs to be improved; the higher the education level, the higher the grades, and the higher the satisfaction with the training base, the higher the residents' professionalism; the residents' professionalism in non-surgical specialty bases is even higher; and training bases should establish professionalism training curricula that are tailored to the needs of the individual and to the local context.

Key words: professionalism, residents, self-assessment, other assessment