医学教育管理 ›› 2023, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3): 338-343.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-045X.2023.03.012

• 研究生教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

从“援物比类”到“假说-演绎”:研究生科研思路的培养

冯颖 , 王宪波*   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院中西医结合中心,北京 100015
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-23 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 王宪波
  • 基金资助:
    1.国家自然科学基金项目(82004153);2.北京市科技计划课题(Z191100006619033)

From “analogy and comparison” to “hypothesis-deduction”: scientific research training for postgraduates

Feng Ying, Wang Xianbo*   

  1. Department of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2022-05-23 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-07-19

摘要: 传统医学的理论体系来自“援物比类”,是提出研究“假说”的基础,但缺乏推论、演绎和验证的过程。中医在治疗重大及新发、突发传染病过程中,对治疗疾病的科学机制阐述不明、缺乏疗效评估手段等问题,极大制约了学科在传染病防治中作用的发挥和在世界学术领域的影响力。通过着眼中西医传染病研究领域和人才培养面临的主要问题,对传统医学通过“援物比类”与现代医学“假说-演绎”的互补特征和逻辑关系进行分析,并以“证实将中医治疗瘟疫的‘截断扭转、先证而治’理念应用于新冠肺炎治疗中的有效性”为例,讨论了在实践中如何培养中西医结合传染病科研型研究生从“援物比类”到“假说-演绎”的科研思路。

关键词: 研究生教育, 中西医结合传染病学, 援物比类, 假说-演绎, 新型冠状病毒肺炎

Abstract: The theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) comes from the “analogy and comparison”, a premise for putting forward the “hypothesis”, but it lacks the process of inference, deduction and verification. During treatment of major and emerging infectious diseases, problems such as unclear explanation of the scientific mechanism of treating diseases and lack of means for efficacy evaluation, which greatly restricts the role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and its influence in the world academic field. Focusing on the main problems in the research field and personnel training of TCM lemology, this paper analyzes the complementary characteristics and logical relationship between the “analogy and comparison” of TCM and the “hypothesis-deduction” of modern medicine, and takes as an example that confirming the effectiveness of the concept of “preventing and reversing disease, treating before presence of symptoms” of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19, discusses how to enlighten the academic postgraduates of TCM lemology in scientific research.

Key words: postgraduate education, TCM lemology, analogy and comparison, hypothesis-deduction, COVID-19

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